USTR Abandons Plan to Protect Tobacco Control Measures under Trans-Pacific Partnership Trade Agreement

Statement of Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network, American Heart Association, American Lung Association and American Academy of Pediatrics

WASHINGTON, DC – It is disappointing that the United States Trade Representative (USTR) has retreated from a proposal to the pending Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade agreement that would have made it more difficult for tobacco companies to challenge domestic tobacco control measures under the terms of international trade agreements.  The U.S. is negotiating the TPP with 11 other countries, with the next round of negotiations scheduled for August 23-30 in Brunei.

Previously, USTR in May 2012 had announced it would propose new language to the TPP that would have created a “safe harbor” protecting national tobacco control measures from being challenged under the agreement. USTR stated at the time that the proposal would “explicitly recognize the unique status of tobacco products from a health and regulatory perspective.”  Our organizations have urged – and continue to urge – USTR to move forward with this proposal and ensure nations can take effective action to reduce tobacco use, which is the number one cause of preventable death in the U.S. and around the world.

Instead, USTR is abandoning this proposal and has announced that it will offer language explicitly reaffirming that tobacco control measures are included in a provision of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) that recognizes nations’ authority to enact health and safety measures.  This is the first time tobacco would be singled out as being included in the public health exception to the GATT.  However, this language is far weaker than USTR’s original proposal, would not cover lawsuits initiated by tobacco companies and would not provide nations that adopt strong tobacco control measures with the protection they need from tobacco industry challenges.

The new USTR proposal does not recognize tobacco as a uniquely harmful product or provide a safe harbor for nations to regulate in order to reduce tobacco use, as the initial proposal would have done.  The new proposal states the obvious – that tobacco control measures involve public health – and then directs public health officials from the countries that are party to the trade agreement to consult each other before launching tobacco-related trade challenges.

The end result is that the Obama Administration’s strong commitment to reducing tobacco use in the United States will remain vulnerable to international trade challenges, and other trading partners will remain vulnerable to such challenges as well.

The tobacco industry and its allies in government increasingly use trade and investment agreements to challenge legitimate tobacco control measures, and have done so specifically against laws adopted in the U.S., Australia, Uruguay, Ireland, Norway and Turkey.  Indonesia filed a World Trade Organization challenge to a U.S. prohibition on fruit- and candy-flavored cigarettes.  Tobacco companies and several countries have filed trade challenges to Australia’s law requiring that cigarettes be sold in plain packaging, while Philip Morris International has used an investment agreement to challenge Uruguay’s tobacco control laws, including its requirement for large, graphic health warnings.  These costly challenges are aimed not only at defeating tobacco control measures, but also at discouraging governments from enacting them in the first place.

It is doubtful that the new USTR proposal would put a stop to these industry challenges. This proposal also disregards the global consensus that nations must act to reduce tobacco use pursuant to the world’s only public health treaty, the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), and more recently the United Nations Political Declaration on Noncommunicable Diseases.  To date, 177 countries are parties to the FCTC treaty, obligating them to implement measures to reduce tobacco use.

Unless nations take strong action, tobacco will kill one billion people worldwide this century.  This is a missed opportunity for the United States to lead the fight against this global epidemic.

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:  August 16, 2013

CONTACTS:

Ashley Trentrock, Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, 202-296-5469
Lauren Walens, American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network, 202-661-5763
Retha Sherrod, American Heart Association, 202-785-7929
Gregg Tubbs, American Lung Association, 202-715-3469
Jamie Poslosky, American Academy of Pediatrics, 202-724-3308